Hello EMBEDIN viewers,

  • A real-time system is characterized by its ability to produce the expected result within a time (to meet deadlines) and time synchronization
    between different tasks

  • classification:

    • Hard real-time systems: missing deadlines, can cause system failure, human loss

      • examples: Mars rover, medical devices and mission-critical systems

    • Soft real-time systems: missing deadlines, can cause low quality output, with small or insignificant consequences

      • examples: personal computers, audio-systems not responding on time

Features:

  • reliability, safety, maintainability, availability and security

  • Time constraints:

    • event response (interrupt latency)
    • scheduling (jitter between task switching)

  • Intro-to-real-time-systems

  • Therefore, we need a design and implementation to monitor and maintain such kind of a system

  • Real Time Operating Systems (RTOS) provide such solutions:

    • design patterns for scheduling (non-preemptive and preemptive) and queueing
    • smaller foot print of kernel
    • effective CPU utilization
    • task priority, multi-threading, synchronization, Inter processor communications (IPC) mechanisms, interrupt handling
    • file system handling, debugging, tracking/monitoring of tasks
    • SysTick timer along with scheduler, handles the task switching
  • RTOS examples: FreeRTOS, QNX

In essence, achieving real-time systems necessitates a meticulous customization of both hardware and software components. Next time, we will see more about real-time systems from hardware point of view. stay tuned!

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